Are binaural beats dangerous for autism3/19/2024 Parents completed the FAPC and the ABC-1. No changes were seen in optokinetic nystagmus. Significant improvements were seen in horizontal tracking immediately following AIT and in both horizontal and vertical tracking three months post AIT. In an open-clinical study, visual tracking movements and optokinetic nystagmus (a visual reflex) were assessed in 22 autistic individuals, ages 6 to 13 years, prior to, immediately following, and three months after AIT. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Association for the Advancement of Behavioral Therapy, New York, 1993. ScharreĮaster Seals Therapeutic Day School, Autism Research Institute, and Illinois College of Optometry (1) Ocular Movements Among Individuals with Autism Pre- and Post-Auditory Integration Training Section A - Studies Reporting Positive Effects of AIT (N=23) The following abbreviations are used for the tests/checklists utilized most often in the studies: Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC-1), Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC-2), Behavior Summarized Evaluation (BSE), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Revised (CELF-R), Conner’s Parent Rating Scales (CPRS), Fisher’s Auditory Problems Checklist (FAPC), Screening Test for Auditory Processingĭisorders (SCAN), Self-Injurious Behavior Questionnaire (SIBQ), Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW), and the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI). (We are not aware of any relevant research using the Tomatis approach during the time period covered.) All used Berard-type equipment and procedures. The summaries are listed chronologically within each disorder. Section A of the paper summarizes those studies supporting the efficacy of AIT Section B summaries those studies that claim to have found no support for its efficacy Īnd Section C summarizes the results of two studies which we have classified ‘ambiguous, contradictory, or controversial.’ Following these three sections, Section D, we discuss two additional reports in a Discussion section, followed by our Conclusions. Two of the studies evaluated the physiological effects of AIT on animals. Twenty-six of the studies utilized subjects with autism, attention deficit/hyper-activity disorder, central auditory processing disorder, and/or mental retardation. These studies were published between January, 1993 and May, 2001 and have appeared in peer-reviewed journals, professional newsletters, and/or were presented at professional conferences. The balance of the evidence clearly favors AIT as a useful intervention, especially in autism.įollowing are summaries of all research studies known to us that have investigated the efficacy of AIT. Considering the great difficulties in both providing a credible placebo treatment and assessing improvement in the subject populations, these results are quite encouraging. Twenty-three reports concluded that AIT benefits various population subgroups, three studies claim to show no benefit (or no benefit over that seen in a control group), and two studies reported rather ambiguous or contradictory results. The present review covers 28 reports on AIT. AIT has been reported to be beneficial in several conditions, including AD/HD, autism, dyslexia, and hypersensitive hearing at certain frequencies. Edelson, Ph.D.Īuditory integration training (AIT), as developed by French otolaryngologist Guy Berard and based on the work of his predecessor, Alfred Tomatis, typically consists ofĢ0 half-hour sessions of listening to specially modulated music over a 10- to 20-day period. 2012 14(3):263-279.San Diego, California 92116 The Efficacy of Auditory Integration Training: Summaries and Critiques of 28 Reports ( January, 1993 – August, 2004) Stephen M. Pharmacologic treatments for the behavioral symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorders across the lifespan. What are the treatments for autism?ĭoyle CA, McDougle CJ. 2016 137 Suppl 2:S136-48. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-2851LĮunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Irritability and problem behavior in autism spectrum disorder: a practice pathway for pediatric primary care. The relationship among gastrointestinal symptoms, problem behaviors, and internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. doi:10.1007/s1080-zįerguson BJ, Dovgan K, Takahashi N, et al. Brief report: DSM-5 levels of support: a comment on discrepant conceptualizations of severity in ASD. Weitlauf AS, Gotham KO, Vehorn AC, et al. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
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